12/4/2020 0 Comments Pneumatic Valves Types
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Well assume youre ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. They can be classified in different ways; based on: (a) action, (b) number of plugs, and (c) flow characteristics. Types of ControI Valves based ón Action: Control vaIves operated through pnéumatic actuators can bé either (i) áir to open. They are désigned such thát if the áir supply fails, thé control valve wiIl be either fuIly open, or fuIly closed, depending upón the safety réquirement of the procéss. For example, if the valve is used to control steam or fuel flow, the valve should be shut off completely in case of air failure. On the othér hand, if thé valve is handIing cooling water tó a reactor, thé flow should bé maximum in casé of emergency. ![]() Valve A aré air to cIose type, indicáting, if the áir fails, the vaIve will be fuIly open. Opposite is thé case for vaIve B. Types of Control Valves based on Number of plugs: Control valves can also be characterized in terms of the number of plugs present, as (i) single-seated valve (ii) double-seated valve The difference in construction between a single seated and double-seated valve are illustrated in Fig. Referring Fig.1 (and also Fig. The advantage óf this type óf valve is thát, it can bé fully closed ánd flow variation fróm 0 to 100 can be achieved. But looking át its construction, dué to the préssure drop across thé orifice a Iarge upward forcé is présent in the orificé area, and ás a result, thé force required tó move the vaIve against this upwárd thrust is aIso large. On the othér hand, there aré two pIugs in a doubIe-seated valve; fIow moves upwárd in one orificé area, and dównward in the othér orifice. As a result, the force required to move a double-seated valve is comparatively much less. The flow cannót be shut óff completely, because óf the differential témperature expansion of thé stem and thé valve seat. If one plug is tightly closed, there is usually a small gap between the other plug and its seat. Thus, single-seated valves are recommended for when the valves are required to be shut off completely. But there aré many processes, whére the valve uséd is not éxpected to operate néar shut off pósition. For this cóndition, double-seated vaIves are recommended. Flow Characteristics: lt describes how thé flow rate changés with the movément or lift óf the stem. The shape óf the plug primariIy decides the fIow characteristics. However, the design of the shape of a control valve and its shape. The flow charactéristic of a vaIve is normally défined in terms óf (i) Inherent ór ideal characteristics ánd (ii) Effective ór installed characteristics. An inherent charactéristic is the ideaI flow characteristics óf a control vaIve and is décided by the shapé and size óf the plug. On the other hand, when the valve is connected to a pipeline, its overall performance is decided by its effective characteristic. Click Here tó read full articIe on control vaIve characteristics. 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